Which term refers to the act of smoothly rolling the camera on a track or rail system?

The term that refers to the act of smoothly rolling the camera on a track or rail system is "dolly." When a camera is mounted on a dolly, it allows for smooth and controlled movements along a predefined path, which is essential for achieving dynamic shots in film and television production. This technique is particularly useful for following action or adjusting the composition of a shot without the shakiness that can come from hand-held shooting.

While trucking specifically refers to moving the camera sideways, a dolly can be used not only for lateral movements but also for approaching or retreating from a subject. This adds versatility to the filming process. In contrast, a crane involves raising and lowering the camera from a height, while a pedestal typically refers to moving the camera up or down on a stationary platform. These functions, while important in their own right, do not describe the smooth rolling effect achieved through the use of a dolly on a track system.